what are the different tupes of staging options available on liferay?

There are two types of staging.

• Local Live: Within the current portal environment, a clone of the current site is created. This clone contains copies all existing pages and data of portlets configured to be staged (see Staged Portlets bellow). This clone becomes the Staging environment while the original becomes the Live environment. A person with access to Staging can quickly navigate to Live and back from any page. 

• Remote Live: A connection is made between this site and one existing in a remote server. The connection settings are essentially a persistent network configuration which defines how to locate the remote site when a publish event occurs. This site becomes the Staging environment while the remote site becomes the Live environment. 

Remote Live Connection Settings

In order to be able to pulish changes to a Remote Host/IP, the publishing server must be added to the list of allowed servers. This is done by adding the IP of the publishing server to the property tunnel.servlet.hosts.allowed in the portal-ext.properties file of the target server. Access to the /tunnel-web context on the target server must not be blocked by either proxies or firewalls. Also note that if the target server is a cluster, it is safe to set the Remote Host/IP to the load balanced address of the cluster in order to increase the high availability of the publishing process.